Convert::ASN1(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation Convert::ASN1(3)NAMEConvert::ASN1 - ASN.1 Encode/Decode library
SYNOPSYS
use Convert::ASN1;
$asn = Convert::ASN1->new;
$asn->prepare(q<
[APPLICATION 7] SEQUENCE {
int INTEGER,
str OCTET STRING
}
>);
$pdu = $asn->encode( int => 7, str => "string");
$out = $asn->decode($pdu);
print $out->{int}," ",$out->{str},"\n";
use Convert::ASN1 qw(:io);
$peer = asn_recv($sock,$buffer,0);
$nbytes = asn_read($fh, $buffer);
$nbytes = asn_send($sock, $buffer, $peer);
$nbytes = asn_send($sock, $buffer);
$nbytes = asn_write($fh, $buffer);
$buffer = asn_get($fh);
$yes = asn_ready($fh)
DESCRIPTIONConvert::ASN1 encodes and decodes ASN.1 data structures using BER/DER
rules.
METHODS
new
Contructor, creates a new object.
error
Returns the last error.
configure ( OPTIONS )
Configure options to control how Convert::ASN1 will perform various
tasks. Options are passed as name-value pairs.
encode
Reference to a hash which contains various encode options.
decode
Reference to a hash which contains various decode options.
encoding
One of 'BER' or 'DER'. The default is 'BER'
Encode options
real
Which encoding to use for real's. One of 'binary', 'nr1', 'nr2',
'nr3'
time
This controls how UTCTime and GeneralizedTime elements are encoded.
The default is "withzone".
utctime
The value passed will be encoded without a zone, ie a UTC
value.
withzone
The value will be encoded with a zone. By default it will be
encoded using the local time offset. The offset may be set
using the "timezone" configure option.
raw The value passed should already be in the correct format and
will be copied into the PDU as-is.
timezone
By default UTCTime and GeneralizedTime will be encoded using the
local time offset from UTC. This will over-ride that. It is an off‐
set from UTC in seconds. This option can be overriden by passing a
reference to a list of two values as the time value. The list
should contain the time value and the offset from UTC in seconds.
bigint
If during encoding an value greater than 32 bits is discovered and
is not already a big integer object, then the value will first be
converted into a big integer object. This option controls the big
integer class into which the objects will be blessed. The default
is to use Math::BigInt
Decode options
time
This controls how a UTCTime or a GeneralizedTime element will be
decoded. The default is "utctime".
utctime
The value returned will be a time value as returned by the
"time" function.
withzone
The value returned will be a reference to an array of two val‐
ues. The first is the same as with "utctime", the second is the
timezone offset, in seconds, that was used in the encoding.
raw The value returned will be the raw encoding as extracted from
the PDU.
bigint
If during decoding any big integers are discovered (integers
greater than 32 bits), they will be decoded into big integer
objects. This option controls the big integer class into which the
objects will be blessed. The default is to use Math::BigInt.
prepare ( ASN )
Compile the given ASN.1 descripton which can be passed as a string or
as a filehandle. The syntax used is very close to ASN.1, but has a few
differences. If the ASN decribes only one macro then encode/decode can
be called on this object. If ASN describes more than one ASN.1 macro
then "find" must be called. The method returns undef on error.
prepare_file ( ASNPATH )
Compile the ASN.1 description to be read from the specified pathname.
find ( MACRO )
Find a macro from a prepared ASN.1 description. Returns an object which
can be used for encode/decode.
encode ( VARIABLES )
Encode a PDU. Top-level variable are passed as name-value pairs, or as
a reference to a hash containing them. Returns the encoded PDU, or
undef on error.
decode ( PDU )
Decode the PDU, returns a reference to a hash containg the values for
the PDU. Returns undef if there was an error.
EXPORTS
As well as providing an object interface for encoding/decoding PDUs
Convert::ASN1 also provides the following functions.
IO Functions
asn_recv SOCK, BUFFER, FLAGS
Will read a single element from the socket SOCK into BUFFER. FLAGS
may be MSG_PEEK as exported by "Socket". Returns the address of the
sender, or undef if there was an error. Some systems do not support
the return of the peer address when the socket is a connected
socket, in these cases the empty string will be returned. This is
the same behaviour as the "recv" function in perl itself.
It is recommended that if the socket is of type SOCK_DGRAM then
"recv" be called directly instead of calling "asn_recv".
asn_read FH, BUFFER, OFFSET
asn_read FH, BUFFER
Will read a single element from the filehandle FH into BUFFER.
Returns the number of bytes read if a complete element was read, -1
if an incomplete element was read or undef if there was an error.
If OFFSET is specified then it is assumed that BUFFER already con‐
tains an incomplete element and new data will be appended starting
at OFFSET.
If FH is a socket the asn_recv is used to read the element, so the
same restiction applies if FH is a socket of type SOCK_DGRAM.
asn_send SOCK, BUFFER, FLAGS, TO
asn_send SOCK, BUFFER, FLAGS
Identical to calling "send", see perlfunc
asn_write FH, BUFFER
Identical to calling "syswrite" with 2 arguments, see perlfunc
asn_get FH
"asn_get" provides buffered IO. Because it needs a buffer FH must
be a GLOB or a reference to a GLOB. "asn_get" will use two entries
in the hash element of the GLOB to use as its buffer:
asn_buffer - input buffer
asn_need - number of bytes needed for the next element, if known
Returns an element or undef if there was an error.
asn_ready FH
"asn_ready" works with "asn_get". It will return true if "asn_get"
has already read enough data into the buffer to return a complete
element.
Encode/Decode Functions
asn_tag
asn_decode_tag
asn_encode_tag
asn_decode_length
asn_encode_length
Constants
ASN_BIT_STR
ASN_BOOLEAN
ASN_ENUMERATED
ASN_GENERAL_TIME
ASN_IA5_STR
ASN_INTEGER
ASN_NULL
ASN_OBJECT_ID
ASN_OCTET_STR
ASN_PRINT_STR
ASN_REAL
ASN_SEQUENCE
ASN_SET
ASN_UTC_TIME
ASN_APPLICATION
ASN_CONTEXT
ASN_PRIVATE
ASN_UNIVERSAL
ASN_PRIMITIVE
ASN_CONSTRUCTOR
ASN_LONG_LEN
ASN_EXTENSION_ID
ASN_BIT
Debug Functions
asn_dump
asn_hexdump
EXPORT TAGS
:all
All exported functions
:const
ASN_BOOLEAN, ASN_INTEGER, ASN_BIT_STR, ASN_OCTET_STR,
ASN_NULL, ASN_OBJECT_ID, ASN_REAL, ASN_ENUMER‐
ATED, ASN_SEQUENCE, ASN_SET, ASN_PRINT_STR,
ASN_IA5_STR, ASN_UTC_TIME, ASN_GENERAL_TIME, ASN_UNIVERSAL,
ASN_APPLICATION, ASN_CONTEXT, ASN_PRIVATE, ASN_PRIMITIVE,
ASN_CONSTRUCTOR, ASN_LONG_LEN, ASN_EXTENSION_ID, ASN_BIT
:debug
asn_dump, asn_dumphex
:io asn_recv, asn_send, asn_read, asn_write, asn_get, asn_ready
:tag
asn_tag, asn_decode_tag, asn_encode_tag, asn_decode_length,
asn_encode_length
MAPPING ASN.1 TO PERL
Every element in the ASN.1 definition has a name, in perl a hash is
used with these names as an index and the element value as the hash
value.
# ASN.1
int INTEGER,
str OCTET STRING
# Perl
{ int => 5, str => "text" }
In the case of a SEQUENCE, SET or CHOICE then the value in the names‐
pace will be a hash reference which will be the namespce for the ele‐
ments with that element.
# ASN.1
int INTEGER,
seq SEQUENCE {
str OCTET STRING,
bool BOOLEAN
}
# Perl
{ int => 5, seq => { str => "text", bool => 1}}
If the element is a SEQUENCE OF, or SET OF, then the value in the
namespace will be an array reference. The elements in the array will be
of the type expected by the type following the OF. For example with
"SEQUENCE OF STRING" the array would contain strings. With "SEQUENCE OF
SEQUENCE { ... }" the array will contain hash references which will be
used as namespaces
# ASN.1
int INTEGER,
str SEQUENCE OF OCTET STRING
# Perl
{ int => 5, str => [ "text1", "text2"]}
# ASN.1
int INTEGER,
str SEQUENCE OF SEQUENCE {
type OCTET STRING,
value INTEGER
}
# Perl
{ int => 5, str => [
{ type => "abc", value => 4 },
{ type => "def", value => -1 },
]}
Exceptions
There are some exceptions where Convert::ASN1 does not require an ele‐
ment to be named. These are SEQUENCE {...}, SET {...} and CHOICE. In
each case if the element is not given a name then the elements inside
the {...} will share the same namespace as the elements outside of the
{...}.
TODO
· XS implementation.
· More documentation.
· More tests.
AUTHOR
Graham Barr <gbarr@pobox.com>, Report bugs via <bug-Con‐
vert-ASN1@rt.cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (c) 2000-2005 Graham Barr <gbarr@pobox.com>. All rights
reserved. This program is free software; you can redistribute it
and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
perl v5.8.8 2006-02-21 Convert::ASN1(3)